Report of the Head of the OSCE Mission to Serbia and Montenegro,
Ambassador Hans Ola Urstad, to the Permanent Council
Vienna, 2 March 2006

Mr. Chairman, Distinguished Members of the Permanent Council,

I am very pleased to make my first appearance before this body, and to have been entrusted by the Chairman-in-Office with a most challenging assignment as Head of the OSCE Mission to Serbia and Montenegro. I look forward to working closely with all of you and to seeing many of you in Serbia and Montenegro very soon.

Almost a year has passed since my predecessor’s last report to the Permanent Council, during which the Mission continued to assist Serbia and Montenegro in its democratic reform process. The Political Context

This period has been characterized by a difficult but steady process of transition, bringing Serbia and Montenegro closer to the standards needed for European and Euroatlantic integration. The opening of talks in October 2005 on a Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU suggests that the country is on the right track and that reform achievements have been recognized internationally. The recent decision of the Board of the International Monetary Fund to complete the review of Serbia and Montenegro’s economic performance constitutes a further recognition of economic and political stabilisation.

However, Serbia and Montenegro is still at the early stage of post-authoritarian transition and EU integration. This year will be unusually challenging – the future of the state Union and Kosovo’s status are now on the political agenda. Economically, restructuring and creation of an efficient market economy still are the main priorities. The democratic leadership faces a challenge from populist and nationalistically oriented parties. Consolidation of democratic processes and stable institutions remains a primary task which still requires international support, not least from the OSCE.

Parliaments at the union level and in both republics have passed a number of reform laws aimed at harmonization with European standards. Among the many laws passed by the Serbian Parliament, legislation of particular relevance to the Mission’s mandate included: the law establishing an ombudsperson institution; a new Criminal Code and related laws, including on witness protection; and the Law on Police. The Montenegrin Parliament’s legislative accomplishments include the adoption of the Law on Police and the Law on Free Access to Information.

The role of Parliament requires further strengthening. The State Union Assembly meets rarely and we have witnessed some setbacks in parliamentary life in Serbia. The Mission has expressed its concern regarding this. Political tensions in both republics are on the rise, which is understandable in view of important issues ahead – Kosovo and the future of the State Union. This makes it even more important that the Governments and other state institutions do not slow down on their reform agenda.

In spite of all the uncertainties and difficulties of the transition process, commitment to the European perspective in Serbia and Montenegro has not wavered. The Serbian Parliament has established, with OSCE support, an office for harmonizing draft laws with European and other international standards.

However, the European prospects – including Partnership for Peace membership and concluding an SAA with the EU – are still dependent on Serbia and Montenegro's full co-operation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). While further steps in this direction were taken over the past year, five remaining fugitives – in particular General Mladic and Karadzic – have still not been transferred to The Hague.

One of the dominant obstacles to regional reconciliation still remains the lack of durable solutions for remaining refugees and IDPs. Over 300,000 refugees remain displaced between Serbia and Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia (almost two-thirds of them residing in Serbia).

Governments of Serbia and Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia committed themselves through the Sarajevo Declaration of January 2005 to resolve all outstanding refugee return and integration issues by the end of 2006. This commitment was encouraged by the OSCE Missions, UNHCR Offices and European Commission delegations. Still, more than a year after the Sarajevo Declaration, its goal is far from being reached. The Mission, together with its international community partners, remains committed to upholding the rights of the refugees. But meeting the agreed 2006 target would require extraordinary efforts and goodwill by all the concerned parties.

Another crucial issue in 2006 is the future of the State Union. While overall trends in Montenegro during the reporting period remained positive, characterised by continued progress in democratic consolidation and reform processes, the question of state status has polarized the Montenegrin political elite and society as a whole. It has also resulted in a certain loss of momentum for the ongoing transition process.

Aiming at overcoming these obstacles and contributing to achieving a consensus on the referendum procedure in Montenegro, as you are well aware the EU has mediated between the parties and made a proposal concerning controversial issues such as the required majority. Upon request, the Mission has provided expert assistance in this process. The referendum will take place on 21 May.

The security situation in Southern Serbia continues to improve, with only minor incidents recorded. Following reform of the Government’s Coordination Body in 2005 and the subsequent participation of local Albanians in the new structures, progress has been achieved in such areas as use of Albanian language textbooks and qualification of Albanian lawyers for integration into the judiciary. In policing, a major in-service training programme commenced in 2005 and continues on sites in Bujanovac, Presevo and Medvedja.

After this brief review of some major developments in the last year, let me also turn attention to some problems and challenges lying ahead.

In Serbia, the momentum and quality of the reform process still suffers from continuing political rivalries and disunity within the democratically-oriented bloc of parties. This is being exploited by anti-reform forces and creates disillusionment and passivity among the democratically-oriented voters in Serbia, who are in majority, but need to be motivated for future elections.

In Montenegro, establishing a constructive political dialogue, efficient democratic institutions and transparent, inclusive decision making processes are main challenges on the road to a modern democracy. Furthermore, intensified reform of the law enforcement and criminal justice system are needed in order to strengthen the rule of law and take serious action against organised crime.

In both republics, there is also a lack of consensus on necessary constitutional changes, as required by the state union Constitutional Charter.

There is still a noticeable discrepancy between the legislation adopted and its implementation. Notable examples in Serbia are the Law on Lustration and on Free Access to Information. This underlines the need for recently adopted important laws, such as new Laws on Police in both republics and the Criminal Code in Serbia, to be put into practice in an effective way. The Mission is strengthening its engagement in this field.

Finally, some important laws are still pending. Among these are long overdue laws on the opening of files of security services and protection of national minorities (in both Republics) and a law on non-governmental organizations in Serbia.

The Mission, in addition to supporting further development of the necessary legislative framework in Serbia and Montenegro, will focus even more on helping domestic institutions – courts, parliaments, local government bodies, civil society partners, and ministries – to build the capacity to implement reforms.

Let me now address in some more detail the Mission’s activities on the most important fields of its mandate. Rule of Law and Reform of the Judiciary

In Serbia, legislative reform progressed with the adoption of a package of criminal legislation strengthening the capacity of the Serbian criminal justice system to respond effectively to Organized Crime. The Mission supported the drafting of the Criminal Code and Law on Witness Protection, which entered into force on 1 January 2006, as did the Law on Cyber Crime. The Mission will follow up concerning the implementation of these laws and the drafting of the Criminal Procedure Code. The Mission has also supported judicial reform in Serbia through providing advice and recommendations on a draft National Strategy for Judicial Reform and has pledged technical assistance to the work of the Strategy Implementation Commission.

The Mission has continued its assistance to the judiciary through a training program for newly elected judges. To assist the judiciary in Southern Serbia, the Mission supported training on bilingual court proceedings for ethnic Albanian litigants and defendants.

Regional co-operation among prosecutors has been strengthened through support to institutions such as the Southeast European Prosecutors Advisory Group (SEEPAG).

Corruption remains a matter of concern. The Mission has encouraged the development and adoption of important measures, such as the National Anti-Corruption Strategy and the Law on the State Audit Institution, to address both high-level corruption and red tape in Serbia. Accountability of public officials started to improve thanks to the work of the new Republic Board for Resolving Conflict of Public and Private Interest, which the Mission has also supported.

In the fall of 2005 the Serbian National Assembly approved the Law on the “Protector of Citizens” (State Ombudsperson Institution) filling an important gap in the legal reform process. The Mission has supported the Minister for Local Self-Government during the law-drafting process and has prepared capacity and institution building projects ready to be implemented upon appointment of the Protector of Citizens.

Considerable progress has been made in prison reform. The Ministry of Justice has approved a National Strategy for Prison Reform and a new Law on Enforcement of Penal Sanctions entered into force. The Mission was directly involved in drafting of the Law and supporting provisions related to Alternative Sentencing to imprisonment.

The Mission is assisting the War Crimes Chamber of the Belgrade District Court and the War Crimes Prosecutor in Serbia, and is monitoring war crimes trials, as the domestic war crimes caseload continues to grow. Currently eight trials are under way. The complex Ovcara trial – for the massacre of around 200 Croatian prisoners of war by Serbian forces – resulted in first instance convictions of 14 persons to long prison sentences.

Regional judicial co-operation in war crimes proceedings has been improved, with the Mission working in cooperation with the Conflict Prevention Centre as well as the Missions from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia (the “Palic process”). Judges and prosecutors are prepared to enhance their co-operation further and to include the war crimes investigative services of the police in this process.

The Mission cooperates with local authorities and public institutions, civil society and international partners on an outreach campaign aimed at fostering public awareness of wartime atrocities while raising support for the prosecution of war crimes before domestic courts and co-operation with the ICTY.

With the support of the Mission, the Government of Montenegro adopted the Program for combating organized crime and corruption and is preparing an Action Plan with benchmarks. The adoption of the Law on Liability of Legal Persons for Criminal Acts, which will incorporate the international obligations in the area of anti-corruption and organized crime, is expected in May 2006.

The Mission assisted in drafting of the Montenegrin Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code and the Law on Public Procurement. It supported professional development and capacity building of the Ombudsman Institution. Law Enforcement

The Mission’s role in police reforms in Serbia and Montengro has been reaffirmed by a Memorandum of Understanding signed with the Ministry of Interior of Montenegro in November 2005. (In Serbia a similar MOU was signed in November 2004).

Police accountability remains a major concern. The Mission continues to support the Office of the Inspector General in Serbia and the Internal Affairs Department in Montenegro, which investigate allegations of crime, corruption and unprofessional conduct by police officers.

The Mission organized a training course for war crimes investigators, investigative judges and prosecutors, and published a handbook on human rights. Regional co-operation was enhanced through study trips and by facilitating co-operation between the War Crimes Prosecutor’s Office in Serbia and UNMIK.

The Mission continued to assist the governments of Serbia and Montenegro in their activities to ensure secure and demilitarised borders. The process of demilitarisation of the borders in Serbia is continuing in 2006. The Mission assists the Ministries in both republics in their efforts to establish an integrated approach to border management.

The Mission continued to support community policing programmes. Community policing has helped to alleviate ethnic-based tensions in Southern Serbia and in Serbia’s Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The Mission co-ordinates international assistance on community policing, and assists both Ministries of Interior in developing national community policing plans.

Efforts were made to improve relations between media and police through roundtable meetings held in Serbia, which culminated in concrete guidelines for police-media interaction. The Mission also launched a programme to improve police awareness and treatment of minority and diversity issues, including hate crime.

Programs in regular police training and education, assisting both Ministries to implement reforms in this field, were continued. In Serbia, the OSCE has trained a number of national trainers to take over in-service training, gradually shifting focus from police training to supporting the structural reform of police education. The Mission is engaged in a program to transforming a Police High School into an entry-level police training facility.

In Montenegro, the Mission facilitated a Police Donors’ Conference in cooperation with the Ministry of Interior and supported establishment of a National Criminal Intelligence System. Assistance to the Ministry included help in establishing and training a Surveillance Unit, as well as anti-trafficking and anti-drug-smuggling training. Capacity building programs for the Strategic Planning Unit, Internal Control Unit, Danilovgrad Police Academy and Special Anti-Terrorist Unit were implemented.

Parliamentary Support and Democratic Institution-Building

The development of accountable and effective parliamentary work in Serbia and Montenegro remains a key concern of the Mission. In Serbia, the Mission assists MPs and parliamentary staff in improving procedural practices and opening the Assembly for media, civil society and citizens’ visits.

The supremacy of the democratic civilian authorities in Serbia and Montenegro over the armed forces (military, police, intelligence services) is being enhanced. The Mission’s activities continue to strengthen the control capacity of the state institutions and civil society and to support the improvement of the legal framework for control. Work is progressing on the Strategic Defence Review which will outline further army reforms and on the draft law on democratic control of the army, in which the Mission is involved.

The Mission has developed a Municipal Assembly Support project that should soon reach every municipality in Serbia. The project aims at improving the work of local assemblies in terms of transparency, accountability, and efficiency.

In Montenegro, the Mission focused on promoting regular and effective public participation at the municipal level through its continued support for five Citizen Information and Education Centres established by OSCE.

The Mission is a key organisation in building gender equality institutions in the country. Assistance was provided in drafting the Law on Gender Equality in Serbia and to further the process of its adoption. In Montenegro, a draft law on gender equality is pending the Government’s approval and is expected to be adopted this year. National Minorities

There are no significant changes regarding the situation of national minorities. In both republics the completion of the legal framework on national minorities is still pending. At the State Union level, the Parliament adopted the Law on the Ratification of the Charter on Regional and Minority Languages in December 2005. The Mission will continue working with the relevant institutions and provide assistance both for completing the legal framework and promoting coherent implementation.

In the context of the Decade of Roma Inclusion, the Mission organized, together with ODIHR and the State Union Ministry for Human and Minority Rights, a Regional Conference on the Civil Registration of Roma in South Eastern Europe. The conference resulted in the establishment of a Working Group on Personal Documents within the Ministry for Human and Minority Rights. The Mission signed an agreement with the European Agency for Reconstruction for a one-year project on “Support to the Ministry for Human and Minority Rights to Co-ordinate Assistance to the Roma in Serbia.”

In Montenegro, the Mission supported the drafting of an Action Plan for the Decade of Roma Inclusion, which the Government adopted in April 2005. The Mission is implementing a long-term educational project to develop Roma leadership potential. The Roma Scholarship Foundation, a pivotal part of this project, has also been established. Fight against Trafficking in Human Beings

Two key developments were implementing the concept of a National Referral Mechanism in Serbia and enhancing the professional capacity of law enforcement and the judiciary in fighting this crime. The Referral Mechanism brought about considerable improvement in safeguarding human rights of trafficking victims in Serbia. The mechanism, setting new standards for the whole region, has been handed over to full local ownership as of June 2005 and enables Serbia to fulfil its international commitments in protecting victims'human rights as a key element in fighting trafficking in human beings.

Particular progress in this field was made in enhancing the capacity of law enforcement and the judiciary. The Mission has developed and implemented jointly with the Judges’ Association of Serbia a set of workshops bringing together police officers, prosecutors and judges. These education efforts will be continued in 2006.

In Montenegro, the Mission assisted the Government and its partners in institutionalizing the fight against human trafficking through the implementation of the National Anti-trafficking Strategy and adoption of a code of conduct and new statute for the National Anti-Trafficking Project Board. While these activities have yielded positive results, the court system is a weakness in the fight against trafficking in human beings. Human Rights

Despite improvements, there continues to be insufficient knowledge or capability amongst legislators, state officials, judges, law enforcement personnel and others regarding international human rights obligations. This directly affects the rights of vulnerable categories, such as refugees, internally displaced persons, and detainees, as well as Serbia and Montenegro’s prospects for further integration into the international community. The Mission continues to provide human rights training and advice.

Supporting the reform of the education system in Montenegro, the Mission launched a capacity-building project for the Education Institute, which has been tasked to introduce a new compulsory subject on civic education in order to promote human rights and civic values. Media

Following the appointment of the Republican Broadcasting Agency Council and of the Managing Board of the Telecommunication Agency in Serbia, several key documents, such as the Broadcasting Development Strategy and the Broadcasting Frequency Assignment Plan, were adopted. The Mission helped in establishment of working groups in the Broadcasting Agency to draw up those documents. It also provided expert advice on regulations and public tender documents. The licensing of commercial broadcasters in Serbia should now be carried out with full transparency and equity.

It is also critical to complete the transformation of Radio Television Serbia (RTS) into a genuine public service broadcaster, a process the Mission has been supporting.

The Mission helped facilitate the revision of a ministerial decree which opened up the privatization of municipal broadcast media in Serbia, a process to be completed by December 2007. The deadline for the privatization of municipal print media is approaching (26 April 2006).

Securing transparency of media ownership and preventing media concentration represent critical and pressing issues in Serbia. The Mission has initiated expert consultations to address these matters.

Since the adoption of the Law on Free Access to Information in Serbia in November 2004, the Mission has been cooperating closely with the Commissioner for Information and the Coalition for Free Access to Information in order to enable effective implementation of the Law. Civil servants and journalists are invited by the Mission to training workshops tackling the key provisions and mechanisms of the Law.

With support of the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media, the Mission encouraged decriminalization of libel and insult in Serbia. As a result, the provisions on imprisonment for defamation offences were deleted from the new Criminal Code. Another important development supported by the Mission in Serbia was the drafting of a unified code of ethics by the two main journalists’ professional associations.

The Mission supported training programs to increase the knowledge and skills of Serbian mainstream media and local journalists reporting on issues such as the Parliament, judiciary, corruption, organized crime, police, and environment.

In close co-operation with the Council of Europe (CoE) and other international actors, the Mission supported the drafting of the Montenegrin Law on Free Access to Information, adopted in November 2005. With other international partners it has developed an action plan for proper implementation of the Law. With the adoption of the Law on Media concentration, for which the Mission and CoE are providing professional expertise, the media legislative framework in Montenegro will be almost completed.

The Mission also continues to support the transformation process of the Public Broadcaster in Montenegro (RTCG). Economy and Environment

In this field, the Mission operated at three levels: multilateral initiatives (regional programs), strategic projects at the national level (support to legislation, institutional and capacity building) and strategic modeling at the local level with practical projects.

Support was provided to the drafting of provisions related to the economic and environmental aspects of Serbia’s National Strategy for European integration. The Mission contributed to the strengthening of competitiveness of the Serbian economy by organizing three workshops with international experts and providing technical assistance.

Business Incubator Centres (BIC) have proven an effective mechanism for the development of Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SME) and a tool for local and regional economic development. The Mission has worked on the establishment of eight such BICs in Serbia.

To contribute to overall SME development, a new round of the YES Programme (Young Entrepreneur Spirit), combined with a presentation on the activities of the Centre for the Protection of the Victims of Human Trafficking, was organized in seven municipalities throughout Serbia. Since the launch of the YES Programme in 2004, over 420 participants completed the training. OSCE prepared a “VAT Guideline” publication in the Albanian and Hungarian languages.

The Mission promoted its activities related to Energy Security. The book “Liber Perpetuum,” underlining renewable energy and energy efficiency was presented in four international fora.

As part of the broader ENVSEC (Environmental Security) and Sava Initiative programmes, the Mission facilitated the establishment of a network of local actors from the Sava River basin and launched an initiative aimed at introducing a Postgraduate Course on Environmental Diplomacy and Security for the Western Balkan countries. It provided the technical assistance for a feasibility study on the course.

In Montenegro, the Mission continued with capacity building and training projects for the business community to develop managerial and entrepreneurial skills. It campaigned for the adoption by the business community of the Code of Conduct for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism, participated in the drafting of the National Sustainable Development Strategy for the protection of the environment, and will support the establishment of a resource centre.

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MONTENEGRO (alene)


Præsidentvalg 030511: Filip Vujanovic blev valgt. Seneste Parlamentsvalg 021020.


Der skal snart være folkeafstemning i M:gro om forbundet med Serbien. Jørgen Grunnet skal være leder af OSCE/ODIHR-missionen og afrejser en af de nærmeste dage.

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MAKEDONIEN

Det Engelske Udenrigsministeriums 'Country Advice' til rejsende kan findes på adressen: http://www.fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029390590&a=KCountryAdvice&aid=1013618386163 • Det Amerikanske UM har offentliggjort en 'Background Note' om Makedonien: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/26759.htm

Der er omkring 25 % etniske Albanere i Makedonien. Folketælling afholdtes 021101-021105.

Folkeafstemningen 041107 om decentralisering (= imødekommelse af Makedonien-Albanske interesser): Folkeafstemningen "faldt". Stemmedeltagelsen var kun omkring 26 %. Hvis afstemningen skulle have kunnet udvirke en ændring af decentraliseringslovgivningen, skulle deltagelsen have været mindst 50%, og desuden skulle der have været flertal mod lovgivningen. Det var ventet at stemmedeltagelsen ville have været noget større, selv om både Regeringspartierne og den Albanske minoritet anbefalede at man blev hjemme. Man kan nu gå videre i overensstemmelse med Ohrid-aftalerne.

Præsidentvalg i Maj 2004: Branko Crvenkovski - hidtidig PM - blev valgt (efter Boris Trajkovski som omkom ved en flyulykke). Seneste Parlamentsvalg fandt sted 020915. Der kan henvises til flg. OSCE/ODIHR-oversigtsside: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/field_activities/skopje2002/.

Makedonien forhandler med EU om optagelse. Aktuel status, se: http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/enlargement/fyrom/key_documents.htm. Se også den generelle side: http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/enlargement/index_en.html


Tre Albanske Makedonere er blevet henrettet af Talibaner i Afghanistan. De tre arbejdede for et udenlandske firma i Afghanistan. De tre blev forleden begravet i Makedonien. PM Berisha (Albanien) udtaler:

Prime Minister Sali Berisha hardly denounces the terrorist act of the Taliban phalange toward Albanians, who were Macedonian citizens, as another barbarous act of Mullah Omar and his terrorist groups.

Prime Minister Berisha extends the most sincere condolences to the families of the victims, to the people and government of Macedonia, and also expresses the deepest feelings of solidarity.

Such barbarous acts will in no way hinder the common endeavors of the democratic world to support afghan people in their approach towards democracy and development.

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GRÆKENLAND

Seneste Parlamentsvalg 040307.

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TYRKIET


UMs rejsevejledning: http://www.um.dk/da/menu/Borgerservice/FoerRejsen/Rejsevejledninger/RejsevejledningTyrkiet.htm.


Seneste Parlamentsvalg blev holdt 021103. Det blev i December 2004 aftalt (med EUs Regeringschefer)at der i Oktober 2005 skal indledes forhandlinger om optagelse af Tyrkiet i EU.

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LANDE UDEN FOR BALKAN OG ØSTLIGE MIDDELHAV. NATO-LANDE


ITALIEN


Mother Teresa. I anledning af saligkåringen ('beatificeringen') 031019 har Vatikantet etableret en internetside: http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20031019_index_madre-teresa_en.html

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USA

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ENGLAND

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TYSKLAND

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FRANKRIG

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DANMARK (NORGE, SVERIGE)


Ugerapport fra Dansk KFOR. Hærens Operative Kommando - se under: Kosova.




Laila Freivalds i Tirana fornylig.


Sverige's UM Laila Freivalds er trådt tilbage. Hun stod svagt (pga fravær/utilgængelighed under Tsunami-katastrofen), men faldt fordi hun fornylig havde løjet om sin indblanding i et svensk hjørne af sagen om profettegningerne. I modsætning til hvad hun havde sagt offentligt var hun indblandet i en (formentlig) grundlovsstridig lukning af en svensk internetside. Baggrunden for lukningen var at 'man' ønskede at styre Sverige uden om demonstrationerne mod Danmark.

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LANDE UDEN FOR BALKAN OG ØSTLIGE MIDDELHAV. IKKE NATO-LANDE


RUSLAND

UMs Rejsevejledning: http://www.um.dk/da/menu/Borgerservice/FoerRejsen/Rejsevejledninger/RejsevejledningRusland.htm

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KINA

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Information om »Sidste Nyt« »Sidste Nyt om Albanien, Kosóva og Makedonien« hører til et web-site om de Balkan-lande hvor der lever mange Albanere: http://bjoerna.dk/albanerne.htm. Her kan du også finde »gamle nyheder«, anmeldelser, links og en Balkan Brevkasse. »Sidste Nyt« sættes på nettet senest hver fredag morgen, hvor der sendes besked til dem der ønsker det. Bestilling / afbestilling sker ved at sende en e-mail med teksten »Nyheder udbedes« / »Nyheder afmeldes«. Nyheder, materiale, kommentarer og spørgsmål modtages meget gerne, både om småting og større ting. Send en e-mail. Tilsvarende hvis du opdager en fejl. Fejl vil blive rettet hurtigst muligt. »Sidste Nyt« og http://bjoerna.dk/albanerne.htm drives non-profit og uden finansiering »udefra«. Hvis du vil være med til at fiansiere udgivelsen kan du lettest gøre det ved at købe én eller flere af mine bøger. Send gerne en mail hvis der er - små eller store - tekniske problemer. Bemærkninger om EDB-sikkerhed. Du må citere hvis du angiver hovedsidens adresse: bjoerna.dk Siderne om Albanerne finder du på: bjoerna.dk/albanerne.htm

»To skridt frem? Albanien i en brydningstid« Baggrundsmateriale kan findes via: http://bjoerna.net/to-skridt-frem/#Linksamling »Albansk Almanak 2004« Almanak'en for 2004 er udkommet i december 2005. Her finder du nyhedsbrevene fra 2004 og nogle kommentarer. Bogen udgives i et sæt bestående af et hæfte (de første 77 sider) og en CD (alle 1264 sider). På CD'en også supplerende materiale - ikke mindst »1912 - Med den serbiske Armé i Makedonien« - Fritz Magnussen's beretninger v/ Palle Rossen. Se indholdsoversigt på: http://bjoerna.dk/albansk-historie/almanak-2004.htm. Se pris på: Bestillingsliste. Udgaven for 2005 ventes at udkomme i april 2006. »Albanske Studier« bd. 1-2 Kommentarer til Bjøl, Huntington, Machiavelli, Sørlander, DUPI (Humanitær Intervention), Clausewitz, Mao Zedong, Lars R. Møller, Malcolm og flere andre. Englændere på rejse i Albanien: Edward Lear, Edith Durham og Robert Carver. Bøger om slægtsfejder og blodhævn. Diskussion af Anne Knudsen's disputats om blodhævn på Korsika og af Ismail Kadare's roman »Ufuldendt april«. Baggrundsmateriale om den Sønderjyske general Christian von Holstein, der deltog i Habsburgernes felttog ind i Kosóva i 1689-90. Sidst i bogen et forsøg på en sammenfatning i form af nogle 'grundlæggende synspunkter'. Desuden en kommentar til Hans Hækkerup's »På skansen«. På CD'en supplerende materiale om traditionelle Albanske klædedragter og om Holstein. Hans bog om Kosovo er omtalt i »Albansk Almanak 2004«. Du kan downloade indholdsfortegnelsen og kommentaren til »På skansen« fra: http://bjoerna.dk/albansk-historie/studier-2002.htm Bogen findes i trykt form og på CD (som pdf-fil). Papirudgave 368 A4-sider i 2 bind. Bogen sælges som papirudgave m/ CD og som CD alene. Se pris på: Bestillingsliste. Til dig der kigger på et ældre nummer af »Sidste Nyt«. Seneste udgave af denne »annonce« kan ses på: »Sidste Nyt« (klik)